Piers Plowman by William Langland
*contains spoilers* In a daze on the Malvern Hills is where we meet our narrator, Will, who dreams a vision of Heaven, Hell, and Middle Earth in between, as represented by a tower, a dungeon and a green field full of toiling human folk, respectively. What follows is a journey of theological allegory and social commentary on the conflict between the demands of Heaven and the impulses of Man, which, of course, can come to no good at all. Written in the fourteenth century, circa 1370-90 (there are three texts, A, B and C – the edition I read was a recent translation of the supposedly more poetic Text B, by A.V.C Schmidt), ‘Piers Plowman’ absorbs and questions the suppositions of some of the most profound texts on the nature of being and doing, including Cato’s ‘Distichs’, St Augustine’s ‘On the Trinity’ (after two millennia, someone must now be able to work out what this “Trinity” guff all means, surely…), Bede’s ‘Ecclesiastical History’, and Jacobus a Voragine’s ‘Golden Legend’, amongst ...